Publish Time: 2021-10-06 Origin: Site
Aromatic plants are a general term for cultivated plants and wild plants that have aroma and extractable aromatic oils, and are a group of plants that share the attributes of medicinal plants and spice plants.
According to the release parts of plant aroma, aromatic plants can be divided into four main types: floral, leafy, fruity and other types.
The floral organs of these plants, including petals and stamens, exude aromas and are the main type of aromatic plants, including numerous woody and herbaceous flowers, such as:
Osmanthus fragrans, Michelia alba, Magnolia denudata, Chimonanthus praecox, Gardenia jasminoides, Jasminum sambac, Murraya exotica, Michelia Figo) and so on.
Most of the leaves of these plants have transparent oil gland points, which are crystal clear, and the leaf cells contain many volatile oils, such as:
Cinnamomum camphora, Laurus nobilis, Cinnamomum japonicum, Sabina pingii var.wilsonii, Rosmarinus officinalis, Agastache rugosa and many Rutaceae plants .
A type of plant that produces and releases flavor, many of which are edible fruits, such as:
Citrus reticulata, Citrus limon, Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis, Malus pumila, Punica granatum, Strawberry (Fragaria xananassa), Passifloracoerulea, etc.
The aroma of some plants can also be emitted from roots, branches or stems, such as:
Cryptomeria fortunei, Taxus chinensis, Toona sinensis, Sabina vulgaris, Acorus calamus, etc.
Aromatic plants have a specific ornamental meaning, which can form a unique artistic conception of garden plants, such as the vigorousness of pine and cypress, the elegance of orchids, and the fragrance of sweet-scented osmanthus.
There are many precedents for the application of aromatic plants in China's classical gardens, such as the “Wenmu Xuan Xuan” of Suzhou Lingyuan and the “Yuanxiangtang” of Humble Administrator's Garden. In addition to the visual beauty, these plants can also bring olfactory pleasure.
Aromatic plants are used for landscaping, which can make the greening effect achieve the unity of vision and smell. It can also release a variety of volatile substances, affect the activities of animals, plants and microorganisms, regulate the ecological balance, and exert more rich ecological effects.
Aromatic plants are used in health care, also known as Aromatherapy. The concept was first proposed by the French chemist Gattefossé in 1936. It refers to the use of inhaled fragrances or volatile substances to treat, alleviate or prevent diseases, infections and discomforts. Methods.
The role of aromatic plants in health care can be divided into two aspects:
The ancient Chinese plant spices used in health care records: Huaying used Syringa plus musk and other sachets and fragrant balls to treat respiratory infections, vomiting and diarrhea. In fact, natural spices and traditional Chinese medicine are in the same line. For example, the aroma of Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema morifolium) can cure colds, eyelids, headaches, and dizziness; the scent of sweet-scented osmanthus has the functions of clearing the lungs, relieving depression, and avoiding phlegm.
Shanghai Minhang Sports Park has the first health-care aromatic botanical garden in China. The park is divided into two functional areas: “helping sleep” and “lowering blood pressure”. Tests have shown that 90% of experienced people have a significant improvement in nighttime sleep, and 70% of hypertensive patients have different degrees of blood pressure after smelling.
According to research by Professor Yao Lei, director of the Aromatic Plant R&D Center of Shanghai Jiaotong University, the volatiles of aromatic plants such as geraniol, linalool, linalyl acetate, and tetracycline are used to control patients with moderate to mild hypertension. The blood pressure "Morning Peak phenomenon" has practical effects.
Elegant aroma, refreshing, refreshing, can increase the excitability of nerve cells, giving people a pleasant feeling, improving mood, eliminating fatigue and regulating the immune system. For example, the fragrance of Matthiolaincana and Rosa rugosa can give a hearty and pleasant feeling; the orchid (Orchidaceae) can relieve the boring and melancholy; the rosemary and mint (Mentha) fragrance can be imagined. Have a good promotion.
A variety of aromatic and lower vinegar compounds such as alcohols, phenols, aldehydes, ketones, olefins, ethers, and stilbenes contained in plant aromas, and other antioxidants and antibacterial substances, The role of air circulation can spread to the surrounding environment to achieve the role of killing germs and purifying the air. Among them, clove, osmanthus, camphor, pine (Pinaceae), cypress (Cupressaceae) and other bactericidal effects are particularly obvious.
In addition, marigold (Tageteserecta), lavender, and pepperwood (Zanthoxylumbeecheyanum ‘Odorum’) have the effect of repelling mosquitoes.